Athlete profile

Mateo Rivera

14 years old · Baseball, pitcher, shortstop · 169.5 cm · 58.9 kg

Mateo is getting stronger and jumping higher

5 visits since June Latest
Better

Hip inner thigh and shoulder turn-out strength rose over his visits. He jumps 5 cm higher than in June.

and ten more below
Steady

Ankle bend, the pull test for body size and the turn test. All are about the same.

and two more below
For their age

Jump power is higher than most boys his age. Roughly, so is jump height, and hip inner thigh strength is typical for his age.

and five more below
Next

We'll work on shoulder turn-out strength in his right throwing arm in sessions. It was behind his left at the last two visits. Attempts varied on the overhead squat, jump push-off as a whole, left vs right, and quick hops. Plus two more. We'll check these again at the retest.

Shaded: typical for boys his age. Studies: Mikulič 2025, Focke 2013, Gabel 2016.

Book Mateo's retest · week of Oct 31

A note from Coach Dana

Mateo put in a big effort today. His jump keeps climbing, and we will keep building that power in sessions. We will see him back in four weeks for his retest.

Where we measured

Front
Back
  • Measured directly
  • Worked by a test
  • We're watching this
  • Common area for his age and sport

Measured directly: inner thigh muscles, outer hip muscles, hamstrings, shoulders, calves. The lighter areas were worked by the jumps, squats and sprints without being measured one by one.

Striped areas are results we're keeping an eye on. We'll check this again at the retest.

The outlines are about his age and sport, not about his results.

An unshaded area was not part of the tests on this page.

Where the outlines come from

  • Knees, Front of the thigh: van der Sluis 2014; Oxendale 2025
  • Inner thigh, Front of the thigh: Oxendale 2025
  • Shoulders, Upper back, Forearms: Olsen 2006
  • Hamstrings, Inner thigh: Materne 2021

Growth

He grew 2.3 cm and gained 3.1 kg since the first visit in June. He isn't growing fast right now.

We measure height, sitting height and body mass at each visit, and the camera adds arm span and hand and foot length. They show how much a body has changed since last time, which helps us read every other result fairly.

Height169.5 cmArm span 173.2 cmLeg length82.2 cmSitting height87.3 cm

Height, cm

155160165170175Retest169.5Age1415
  • Typical for boys his age

Growing about 7.5 cm a year since Jun 2026.

Body mass, kg

405060Retest59Age1415
  • Typical for boys his age
Height
169.5 cm
Up 2.3 cm since Jun

Standing height. It is typical for boys his age, and he has grown steadily since June.

Body mass
58.9 kg
Up 3.1 kg since Jun

Body weight. It is typical for boys his age and has risen steadily since June.

Sitting height
87.3 cm
Up 2.1 cm since Jun

Height when seated. It has risen steadily since June.

Leg length
82.2 cm
Steady since Sep

Standing height minus sitting height. About the same since June.

Arm span
173.2 cm
Steady since Sep

Fingertip to fingertip with the arms out wide. About the same as last time.

How much longer the arm span is than height. About the same at every visit.

Hand length
18.7 cm
Steady since Sep

Hand length. About the same as last time.

Foot length
26.2 cm
Steady since Sep

Foot length. About the same as last time.

Movement: Steady, with some squat attempts varied

Ankle bend is about the same on both sides. So are knee drift and hip tilt in the overhead squat. The squat's knee bend, ankle bend and forward lean attempts varied. A pitcher needs loose ankles and hips to stride and land well.

Ankle bend, standing

Left41°Right39°
363840Retestweek of Oct 314139LRJun 13Aug 8Oct 3

How far the knee drives over the toes with the heel down, as an angle. Both sides are about the same as last time.

Overhead squat, knee bend

Left103.6°*Right102.8°

* Attempts varied.

102103104105Retestweek of Oct 31103.6102.8LRJun 13Aug 8Oct 3

His overhead squat attempts varied this time.

Details

Ankle bend

What we tested
Standing in a split stance and driving the front knee forward over the toes with the heel down, each side in turn, filmed by a camera that tracks the joints.
Why
How far the ankle bends sets how deep an athlete can squat and how softly they can land.

Result

Standing

L41R39°

  • Knee past the foot

    L11.8R11.2cm

    The same test, read as how far the knee passes the foot. Nothing stands out, and both sides are about the same.

All the numbers
MeasureLeftRightDifferenceSince the startSince last timeStatusHistory
Ankle bend, standing41°39°—L3° morefrom 38R3° morefrom 36.2BothAbout the samewithin 5°No targetLHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 38; 2026-07-11: 38.9; 2026-08-08: 39.8; 2026-09-05: 40.4; 2026-10-03: 41RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 36.2; 2026-07-11: 37; 2026-08-08: 37.8; 2026-09-05: 38.4; 2026-10-03: 39
Ankle bend, knee past the foot11.8cm11.2cm—L1 cm higherfrom 10.8R1 cm higherfrom 10.2BothAbout the samewithin 1.5 cmNo targetLHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 10.8; 2026-07-11: 11.1; 2026-08-08: 11.4; 2026-09-05: 11.6; 2026-10-03: 11.8RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 10.2; 2026-07-11: 10.5; 2026-08-08: 10.8; 2026-09-05: 11; 2026-10-03: 11.2
MeasureShownHow it was read
Ankle bend, standing, left41°consistent
Ankle bend, standing, right39°consistent
Ankle bend, knee past the foot, left11.8 cmconsistent
Ankle bend, knee past the foot, right11.2 cmconsistent

Overhead squat

What we tested
A slow, deep squat with both arms held straight overhead, filmed by a camera that tracks the joints.
Why
It shows how the ankles, knees, hips and trunk work together, which shapes how every jump and landing is absorbed.

Result

Knee bend

L103.6R102.8°

  • Ankle bend

    L26.6R25°

    The attempts varied, so this one isn't read.

  • Knee drift

    L2.9R3°

    How far the knee drifts inward in a deep overhead squat. About the same on both sides across his visits.

  • Forward lean

    56.1°

    The attempts varied this time.

  • Hip tilt

    52°

    How much the hips tip forward at the bottom of the squat. About the same at every visit.

All the numbers
MeasureLeftRightDifferenceSince the startSince last timeStatusHistory
Overhead squat, ankle bend26.6°25°—BothNot comparedattempts variedBothNot comparedattempts variedNo targetLHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 26.9; 2026-07-11: 26.4; 2026-08-08: 27; 2026-09-05: 26.5; 2026-10-03: 26.6RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 25.3; 2026-07-11: 24.8; 2026-08-08: 25.4; 2026-09-05: 24.9; 2026-10-03: 25
Overhead squat, knee drift2.9°3°—BothSame as the startBothAbout the samewithin 4°No targetLHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 3; 2026-07-11: 2.9; 2026-08-08: 3; 2026-09-05: 2.9; 2026-10-03: 2.9RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 3; 2026-07-11: 2.9; 2026-08-08: 3; 2026-09-05: 3; 2026-10-03: 3
Overhead squat, knee bend103.6°102.8°—LNot comparedattempts variedR1° lessfrom 103.8LNot comparedattempts variedRAbout the samewithin 9.9°No targetLHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 104.7; 2026-07-11: 102.6; 2026-08-08: 105.2; 2026-09-05: 103.1; 2026-10-03: 103.6RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 103.8; 2026-07-11: 101.8; 2026-08-08: 104.3; 2026-09-05: 102.3; 2026-10-03: 102.8
Overhead squat, forward lean56.1°not sided—Not comparedattempts variedNot comparedattempts variedNo targetattempts variedHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 56.1; 2026-07-11: 56.1; 2026-08-08: 56.1; 2026-09-05: 56.1; 2026-10-03: 56.1
Overhead squat, hip tilt52°not sided—Same as the startAbout the samewithin 6°No targetHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 52; 2026-07-11: 52; 2026-08-08: 52; 2026-09-05: 52; 2026-10-03: 52
MeasureShownHow it was read
Overhead squat, knee bend, left103.6°the attempts varied
Overhead squat, knee bend, right102.8°consistent
Overhead squat, ankle bend, left26.6°the attempts varied
Overhead squat, ankle bend, right25°the attempts varied
Overhead squat, knee drift, left2.9°consistent
Overhead squat, knee drift, right3°consistent
Overhead squat, forward lean56.1°the attempts varied
Overhead squat, hip tilt52°consistent

Power: Higher than most for his age, and rising

Jump height is 5 cm higher than in June, and jump power rose steadily over 5 visits. The two legs shared the push evenly at its peak. The whole push-off attempts varied. A quick first step gets a shortstop to more balls.

Jump height

32.3 cm
253035Retestweek of Oct 3127.732.3Jun 13Aug 8Oct 3
  • Typical for boys his age
  • Normal test-to-test range

Study: Focke 2013

How high he jumps from a quick dip. Roughly higher than most boys his age, and 5 cm higher than in June, rising steadily over 5 visits.

Details

Countermovement jump

What we tested
A standing jump as high as possible from a quick dip, hands on hips, on force plates. Three attempts.
Why
Jumping, sprinting and changing direction all start with this push off the ground, and it is the most studied test of leg power.

Result

Jump height

32.3cm

Higher than most boys his age

Study: Focke 2013

This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

  • Jump power

    57W/kg

    Higher than most boys his age

    Study: Gabel 2016

    Power from the same jump, for his body size. Higher than most boys his age, with a steady rise over the visits. About the same as last time.

More from this test

How evenly the two legs push at the jump's peak. The sides are 2 percent apart, well inside the working target.

The attempts varied this time.

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Jump height32.3cm17% higherfrom 27.7 cm32.3cmAbout the samewithin the 10.5% day-to-day variationNo targetHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 27.7; 2026-07-11: 29; 2026-08-08: 30.3; 2026-09-05: 31.3; 2026-10-03: 32.3. The shaded band is 10.5% either side of the latest value.
Jump power57W/kg16% higherfrom 49 W/kg57W/kgAbout the samewithin the 11.6% day-to-day variation (placeholder)No targetHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 49; 2026-07-11: 51.3; 2026-08-08: 53.5; 2026-09-05: 55.2; 2026-10-03: 57. The shaded band is 11.6% either side of the latest value.
Jump push-off at its peak, left vs rightright lower by 2%———

Target: the two sides

Evenunder 5%
In rangeunder 10%
Out of range10 to 15%
Flagged15% and over
This difference2%, right lower

These are APX's working thresholds, placeholders re-centred on the gym's own results as they arrive; there is no universal rule for how far two sides may differ, and the research says each test needs its own.

Source: APX working target (placeholder); Bishop 2018.

Jump push-off as a whole, left vs rightleft lower by 2.8%———attempts varied

Target: the two sides

Evenunder 5%
In rangeunder 10%
Out of range10 to 15%
Flagged15% and over
This difference2.8%, left lower

These are APX's working thresholds, placeholders re-centred on the gym's own results as they arrive; there is no universal rule for how far two sides may differ, and the research says each test needs its own.

Needs a re-check: the attempts varied, so nothing is read from the two sides until the retest.

Source: APX working target (placeholder); Bishop 2018.

MeasureAttemptsShownHow it was read
Jump height32.3 / 31.6 / 31.832.3 cmconsistent
Jump power57 / 54.6 / 54.757 W/kgconsistent
Jump push-off at its peak, left vs right-1.1 / -2.8 / -2-2 %consistent
Jump push-off as a whole, left vs right2.6 / -2.3 / 82.8 %the attempts varied
Jump, time from dip to take-off0.93 / 0.87 / 1.050.93 sthe attempts varied
Jump, depth of the dip28 / 29.2 / 3229.2 cmconsistent

Reactive strength: Attempts varied this time

Quick hops and jump quickness both had attempts that varied, so they aren't read. Quick, springy legs help a shortstop react to a ground ball.

Quick hops

1.2
1.11.21.3Retestweek of Oct 311.21.2Jun 13Aug 8Oct 3

His hop attempts varied this time.

Jump quickness

0.36 m/s
0.320.340.36Retestweek of Oct 310.310.36Jun 13Aug 8Oct 3

The attempts varied, so this result isn't read.

Details

Quick hops

What we tested
Quick hops in place on the force plates, as high as possible with as little time on the ground as possible.
Why
Most of sport is landing and going again, and this shows how springy the ankles and legs are.

Result

Quick hops

1.17

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Quick hops1.17Not comparedattempts varied1.17Not comparedattempts variedNo targetattempts variedHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 1.17; 2026-07-11: 1.17; 2026-08-08: 1.17; 2026-09-05: 1.17; 2026-10-03: 1.17. The shaded band is 23.3% either side of the latest value.
MeasureAttemptsShownHow it was read
Quick hops1.17 / 1.021.17the attempts varied
Quick hops, time on the ground0.2 / 0.210.2 sone reading

Jump quickness

What we tested
Read from the same standing jump: how high it went for how long the dip and push took.
Why
Sport rarely gives time to wind up, so a jump that is both high and quick shows springy, usable power.

Result

Jump quickness

0.36m/s

No study covers this age yet.

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Jump quickness0.36m/sNot comparedattempts varied0.36m/sNot comparedattempts variedNo targetattempts variedHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 0.31; 2026-07-11: 0.33; 2026-08-08: 0.34; 2026-09-05: 0.35; 2026-10-03: 0.36. The shaded band is 11.6% either side of the latest value.
MeasureAttemptsShownHow it was read
Jump quickness0.35 / 0.36 / 0.30.36 m/sthe attempts varied

Strength: Mostly rising, hip sides closer together

Hip inner thigh strength rose steadily, and the gap between sides narrowed. Mid-thigh pull peak force rose since July, but roughly has room to grow for his age. The mid-thigh pull for body size held about the same. A pitcher's drive off the mound starts in the legs.

Mid-thigh pull

250% of body weight
220240260Retestweek of Oct 31215first try225250Jun 13Aug 8Oct 3
  • Normal test-to-test range

Pulling hard on a fixed bar, for his body size. About the same as last time.

Hip strength

Inner thigh
Left54%Right58%
Outer hip
Left49%Right50%
  • Typical for boys his age

Percent of body weight.

Hip inner thigh over time

40506070Retestweek of Oct 315458LRJun 13Aug 8Oct 3
  • Typical for boys his age

Pressing the knees together. Both sides rose steadily, and the gap between them narrowed from 24 to 5 percent. Both are roughly typical for his age.

Pushing the knees apart. The left side rose steadily over the visits, and the right is about the same. Both are roughly typical for his age.

Hamstring pull

Left20%Right24%

Percent of body weight.

152025Retestweek of Oct 312024LRJun 13Aug 8Oct 3

Pulling the heel toward the seat. The right side rose steadily over the visits, and the left is about the same.

Details

Mid-thigh pull

What we tested
Standing on force plates and pulling as hard as possible on a fixed bar at thigh height for a few seconds.
Why
It is the clearest single measure of whole-body strength, which sits under speed and jumping.

Result

Mid-thigh pull

250% of body weight

No study covers this age yet.

  • Peak force

    1447.3N

    Lower than most boys his age

    A rough reference: a small group of academy basketball players at one club, pulling on different force plates.

    This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

    Peak force in the same pull. It has risen steadily since July. Roughly, it has room to grow for boys his age.

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Mid-thigh pull250% of body weight11% higherfrom 225 % of body weight250% of body weightAbout the samewithin the 11.4% day-to-day variationNo targetHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 215; 2026-07-11: 225; 2026-08-08: 235; 2026-09-05: 243; 2026-10-03: 250. The shaded band is 11.4% either side of the latest value.
Mid-thigh pull, peak force1447.3N16% higherfrom 1251.7 N1447.3NAbout the samewithin the 11.4% day-to-day variationNo targetHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 1179.2; 2026-07-11: 1251.7; 2026-08-08: 1328.1; 2026-09-05: 1384.8; 2026-10-03: 1447.3. The shaded band is 11.4% either side of the latest value.
MeasureAttemptsShownHow it was read
Mid-thigh pull240 / 245 / 250250 % of body weightconsistent
Mid-thigh pull, peak force1388.9 / 1417.5 / 1447.31447.3 Nconsistent

Hip strength

What we tested
Lying on the back with pads at the knees: press the knees together as hard as possible, then push them apart, on a strength frame.
Why
The inner thigh and outer hip muscles steady the hips and knees when landing and changing direction.

Result

Hip inner thigh

L54R58% of body weight

Typical for boys his age

A small study: treat this as a rough comparison.

This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

  • Hip outer hip

    L49R50% of body weight

    Typical for boys his age

    A small study: treat this as a rough comparison.

    This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Hip inner thighL54R58% of body weightleft lower by 4.6%L57% higherfrom 35R25% higherfrom 46L54R58BothAbout the samewithin the 25.6% day-to-day variationattempts varied

Target: the two sides

Evenunder 5%
In rangeunder 10%
Out of range10 to 15%
Flagged15% and over
This difference4.6%, left lower

These are APX's working thresholds, placeholders re-centred on the gym's own results as they arrive; there is no universal rule for how far two sides may differ, and the research says each test needs its own.

Needs a re-check: the attempts varied, so nothing is read from the two sides until the retest.

Source: APX working target (placeholder); Bishop 2018.

LHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 35; 2026-07-11: 39; 2026-08-08: 44; 2026-09-05: 49; 2026-10-03: 54. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 46; 2026-07-11: 49; 2026-08-08: 52; 2026-09-05: 55; 2026-10-03: 58. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.
Hip outer hipL49R50% of body weightleft lower by 3.9%L26% higherfrom 39R25% higherfrom 40L49R50BothAbout the samewithin the 25.6% day-to-day variation (placeholder)attempts varied

Target: the two sides

Evenunder 5%
In rangeunder 10%
Out of range10 to 15%
Flagged15% and over
This difference3.9%, left lower

These are APX's working thresholds, placeholders re-centred on the gym's own results as they arrive; there is no universal rule for how far two sides may differ, and the research says each test needs its own.

Needs a re-check: the attempts varied, so nothing is read from the two sides until the retest.

Source: APX working target (placeholder); Bishop 2018.

LHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 39; 2026-07-11: 42; 2026-08-08: 45; 2026-09-05: 47; 2026-10-03: 49. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 40; 2026-07-11: 43; 2026-08-08: 46; 2026-09-05: 48; 2026-10-03: 50. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.
Hip inner thigh compared with outer hipL1.10R1.15target: at least nine tenths———

Target: inner thigh against outer hip

Targetat least 0.90
Left1.10
Right1.15

Inner thigh strength well below outer hip strength is the pattern most often trained. The target comes from elite youth soccer and is a prompt to look closer, not a rule.

Source: Wollin 2018.

MeasureAttemptsShownHow it was read
Hip inner thigh, left52 / 54 / 5254 % of body weightconsistent
Hip inner thigh, right53 / 58 / 5558 % of body weightconsistent
Hip outer hip, left49 / 47 / 4649 % of body weightconsistent
Hip outer hip, right49 / 48 / 5050 % of body weightconsistent
Hip inner thigh, left vs right1.2 / 5.9 / 6.84.6 %the attempts varied
Hip outer hip, left vs right0.2 / 3.1 / 8.43.9 %the attempts varied

Hamstring strength

What we tested
Lying face down: pull the heel toward the seat against a fixed pad as hard as possible, each leg in turn.
Why
The back of the thigh brakes the leg in every sprinting stride.

Result

Hamstring pull

L20R24% of body weight

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Hamstring pullL20R24% of body weightleft lower by 14% attempt for attemptbest attempts: left lower by 16.8%L25% higherfrom 16R25% higherfrom 19L20R24BothAbout the samewithin the 25.6% day-to-day variation (placeholder)attempts varied; measure again

Target: the two sides

Evenunder 5%
In rangeunder 10%
Out of range10 to 15%
Flagged15% and over
Attempt for attempt14%, left lower
Best attempts16.8%, left lower

The status reads the sides attempt by attempt, the steadier figure; the best attempts are the ones shown. These are APX's working thresholds, placeholders re-centred on the gym's own results as they arrive; there is no universal rule for how far two sides may differ, and the research says each test needs its own.

Needs a re-check: the attempts varied, so nothing is read from the two sides until the retest.

Source: APX working target (placeholder); Bishop 2018.

LHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 16; 2026-07-11: 17; 2026-08-08: 18; 2026-09-05: 19; 2026-10-03: 20. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 19; 2026-07-11: 21; 2026-08-08: 22; 2026-09-05: 23; 2026-10-03: 24. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.
MeasureAttemptsShownHow it was read
Hamstring pull, left20 / 20 / 1920 % of body weightconsistent
Hamstring pull, right24 / 24 / 2124 % of body weightconsistent
Hamstring pull, left vs right16.9 / 16.5 / 8.514 %the attempts varied

Speed: Faster since June

All three sprint times came down steadily since June. Roughly, his twenty metres is faster than most boys his age, and his ten and thirty metres are typical. A shortstop's first few steps decide which balls he reaches.

Thirty metres

4.5 seconds
4.44.64.8faster ↑Retestweek of Oct 314.74.5Jun 13Aug 8Oct 3
  • Typical for boys his age
  • Normal test-to-test range

Time over thirty metres from a standing start. It came down steadily over his visits and is roughly typical for boys his age.

Details

Sprint

What we tested
A sprint from a standing start through light gates, with a gate partway to time the first steps.
Why
The first steps decide most plays, and the split shows whether speed comes from the start or from the stride.

Result

Thirty metres

4.5s

Typical for boys his age

A rough reference: their sprint started closer to the first gate than ours.

A small study: treat this as a rough comparison.

This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

  • Ten metres

    1.86s

    Typical for boys his age

    A rough reference: their sprint started closer to the first gate than ours.

    A small study: treat this as a rough comparison.

    This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

    Time over the first ten metres. It has come down steadily since June and is roughly typical for his age.

  • Twenty metres

    3.22s

    Faster than most boys his age

    Study: Leyhr 2018

    A rough reference: the study does not say how far behind the first gate it started.

    This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

    Time to twenty metres. He is 0.18 seconds faster than in June, and roughly faster than most boys his age.

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Ten metres1.86s5% fasterfrom 1.96 s1.86sAbout the samewithin the 4.9% day-to-day variationNo targetHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 1.96; 2026-07-11: 1.93; 2026-08-08: 1.9; 2026-09-05: 1.88; 2026-10-03: 1.86. The shaded band is 4.9% either side of the latest value.
Twenty metres3.22s5% fasterfrom 3.4 s3.22sAbout the samewithin the 4.9% day-to-day variationNo targetHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 3.4; 2026-07-11: 3.34; 2026-08-08: 3.29; 2026-09-05: 3.26; 2026-10-03: 3.22. The shaded band is 4.9% either side of the latest value.
Thirty metres4.5s5% fasterfrom 4.74 s4.5sAbout the samewithin the 4.9% day-to-day variationNo targetHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 4.74; 2026-07-11: 4.67; 2026-08-08: 4.6; 2026-09-05: 4.55; 2026-10-03: 4.5. The shaded band is 4.9% either side of the latest value.
MeasureAttemptsShownHow it was read
Ten metres1.86 / 1.881.86 sconsistent
Twenty metres3.22 / 3.263.22 sconsistent
Thirty metres4.5 / 4.554.5 sconsistent

Change of direction: About the same as last time

Turn times and turn cost are about the same on both sides. A fast plant and turn helps a shortstop field and throw on the move.

Five-oh-five

Five-oh-five
Left2.5 sRight2.4 s
Turn cost
Left0.59 sRight0.55 s

Five-oh-five over time

2.42.52.6faster ↑Retestweek of Oct 312.52.4LRJun 13Aug 8Oct 3

Sprint, plant, turn and sprint back, off each foot. Both sides are about the same as last time.

How much time the turn itself costs. About the same on both sides.

Details

Five-oh-five

What we tested
Sprint through a timing gate, plant and turn at a line five metres on, and sprint back through the gate. Two runs turning off each foot.
Why
Games are played in cuts and turns, and this times the stop, the turn and the restart on each side.

Result

Five-oh-five

L2.45R2.41s

  • Turn cost

    L0.59R0.55s

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Five-oh-fiveL2.45R2.41sright lower by 1.6%L6% fasterfrom 2.6R6% fasterfrom 2.56L2.45R2.41BothAbout the samewithin the 6.3% day-to-day variationNo targetLHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 2.6; 2026-07-11: 2.56; 2026-08-08: 2.51; 2026-09-05: 2.48; 2026-10-03: 2.45. The shaded band is 6.3% either side of the latest value.RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 2.56; 2026-07-11: 2.51; 2026-08-08: 2.47; 2026-09-05: 2.44; 2026-10-03: 2.41. The shaded band is 6.3% either side of the latest value.
Turn costL0.59R0.55sright lower by 6.8%L0.05 s fasterfrom 0.64R0.05 s fasterfrom 0.6L0.59R0.55BothAbout the samewithin 0.19 s (placeholder)No targetLHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 0.64; 2026-07-11: 0.63; 2026-08-08: 0.61; 2026-09-05: 0.6; 2026-10-03: 0.59RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 0.6; 2026-07-11: 0.58; 2026-08-08: 0.57; 2026-09-05: 0.56; 2026-10-03: 0.55
MeasureAttemptsShownHow it was read
Five-oh-five, left2.47 / 2.452.45 sconsistent
Five-oh-five, right2.42 / 2.412.41 sconsistent
Turn cost, left—0.59 sconsistent
Turn cost, right—0.55 sconsistent

Speed strength: Rising steadily over the visits

Ankle push rose steadily on both sides. Hip lift rose on the left since June, while the right is about the same. Strong ankles and hips power a shortstop's first steps to the ball.

Ankle push

Left66%Right53%

Percent of body weight.

405060Retestweek of Oct 316653LRJun 13Aug 8Oct 3

Pushing through the toes, each leg in turn. Both sides rose steadily over the visits.

Hip lift

Left29%Right27%

Percent of body weight.

2224262830Retestweek of Oct 312927LRJun 13Aug 8Oct 3

Lifting the knee against a pad. The left side is stronger than in June, and the right is about the same.

Details

Ankle push

What we tested
Lying down with the knee straight, pushing through the toes against a fixed pad, each leg in turn.
Why
The calf is the ankle's push in every sprinting stride and hop.

Result

Ankle push

L66R53% of body weight

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Ankle pushL66R53% of body weightright lower by 15.5% attempt for attemptbest attempts: right lower by 19%L25% higherfrom 52R25% higherfrom 42L66R53BothAbout the samewithin the 25.6% day-to-day variation (placeholder)attempts varied; measure again

Target: the two sides

Evenunder 5%
In rangeunder 10%
Out of range10 to 15%
Flagged15% and over
Attempt for attempt15.5%, right lower
Best attempts19%, right lower

The status reads the sides attempt by attempt, the steadier figure; the best attempts are the ones shown. These are APX's working thresholds, placeholders re-centred on the gym's own results as they arrive; there is no universal rule for how far two sides may differ, and the research says each test needs its own.

Needs a re-check: the attempts varied, so nothing is read from the two sides until the retest.

Source: APX working target (placeholder); Bishop 2018.

LHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 52; 2026-07-11: 56; 2026-08-08: 60; 2026-09-05: 63; 2026-10-03: 66. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 42; 2026-07-11: 45; 2026-08-08: 48; 2026-09-05: 51; 2026-10-03: 53. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.
MeasureAttemptsShownHow it was read
Ankle push, left66 / 60 / 5866 % of body weightconsistent
Ankle push, right53 / 51 / 5153 % of body weightconsistent
Ankle push, left vs right-19 / -14.9 / -12.5-15.5 %the attempts varied

Hip lift

What we tested
Lifting the knee against a fixed pad as hard as possible, each leg in turn.
Why
The hip lift drives the knee forward in sprinting.

Result

Hip lift

L29R27% of body weight

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Hip liftL29R27% of body weightright lower by 10% attempt for attemptbest attempts: right lower by 7.6%L26% higherfrom 23R25% higherfrom 22L29R27BothAbout the samewithin the 25.6% day-to-day variation (placeholder)attempts varied; measure again

Target: the two sides

Evenunder 5%
In rangeunder 10%
Out of range10 to 15%
Flagged15% and over
Attempt for attempt10%, right lower
Best attempts7.6%, right lower

The status reads the sides attempt by attempt, the steadier figure; the best attempts are the ones shown. These are APX's working thresholds, placeholders re-centred on the gym's own results as they arrive; there is no universal rule for how far two sides may differ, and the research says each test needs its own.

Needs a re-check: the attempts varied, so nothing is read from the two sides until the retest.

Source: APX working target (placeholder); Bishop 2018.

LHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 23; 2026-07-11: 25; 2026-08-08: 27; 2026-09-05: 28; 2026-10-03: 29. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 22; 2026-07-11: 23; 2026-08-08: 25; 2026-09-05: 26; 2026-10-03: 27. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.
MeasureAttemptsShownHow it was read
Hip lift, left29 / 29 / 2929 % of body weightconsistent
Hip lift, right27 / 27 / 2527 % of body weightconsistent
Hip lift, left vs right-7.4 / -8.7 / -13.9-10 %the attempts varied

Overhead and Rotation: Turn-out strength rising, right still behind

Shoulder turn-out strength rose on both sides since June, but the right still trails the left. Shoulder and hip ranges are about the same. Straight-arm shoulder strength was not tested this time. A pitcher's shoulder turns fast, so strength around it matters.

Shoulder rotation, outward

Left94°Right104°
95100105Retestweek of Oct 3194104LRJun 13Aug 8Oct 3

How far the forearm turns back with the arm out. Both sides are about the same as last time.

Shoulder rotation strength

Turn-out strengthRight 18% lower
Left17%Right14%
Turn-in strength
Left16%Right16%

Percent of body weight.

Shoulder turn-out strength over time

1012141618Retestweek of Oct 311714LRJun 13Aug 8Oct 3

Turning the forearm back against a pad. Both sides are stronger since June, and the gap narrowed from 26 to 15 percent. The right throwing arm was still behind at the last two visits.

Turning the forearm forward against a pad. The left side is stronger than in June, and the right is about the same.

Seated hip rotation, outward

Left42.5°Right39.3°
3940414243Retestweek of Oct 3142.539.3LRJun 13Aug 8Oct 3

How far each hip turns out when seated. About the same on both sides across his visits.

Details

Shoulder range

What we tested
The arm out at shoulder height, turning the forearm back and then forward as far as it goes, in front of the camera.
Why
How far each shoulder turns changes with throwing, and the two arms are followed against each other.

Result

Shoulder rotation, outward

L94R104°

  • Shoulder rotation, inward

    L58R55°

    How far the forearm turns forward. Both sides are about the same across the visits.

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Shoulder rotation, outwardL94°R104°L1° lessfrom 94.9R1° lessfrom 105L—R—BothAbout the samewithin 9.9°No targetLHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 94.9; 2026-07-11: 93.1; 2026-08-08: 95.4; 2026-09-05: 93.5; 2026-10-03: 94RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 105; 2026-07-11: 103; 2026-08-08: 105.6; 2026-09-05: 103.5; 2026-10-03: 104
Shoulder rotation, inwardL58°R55°L1° lessfrom 58.6R9° morefrom 46.2L—R—BothAbout the samewithin 9.9°No targetLHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 58.6; 2026-07-11: 57.4; 2026-08-08: 58.9; 2026-09-05: 57.7; 2026-10-03: 58RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 46.2; 2026-07-11: 48.4; 2026-08-08: 51.2; 2026-09-05: 53.4; 2026-10-03: 55
MeasureShownHow it was read
Shoulder rotation, outward, left94°consistent
Shoulder rotation, outward, right104°consistent
Shoulder rotation, inward, left58°consistent
Shoulder rotation, inward, right55°consistent

Shoulder rotation strength

What we tested
Lying on the back with the arm out: turn the forearm back, then forward, against a fixed pad.
Why
The muscles that turn the arm in and out control the shoulder through every throw.

Result

Shoulder turn-out strength

L17R14% of body weight

  • Shoulder turn-in strength

    L16R16% of body weight

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Shoulder turn-out strengthL17R14% of body weightright lower by 15%L26% higherfrom 13R44% higherfrom 10L17R14BothAbout the samewithin the 25.6% day-to-day variation (placeholder)

Target: the two sides

Evenunder 5%
In rangeunder 10%
Out of range10 to 15%
Flagged15% and over
This difference15%, right lower

These are APX's working thresholds, placeholders re-centred on the gym's own results as they arrive; there is no universal rule for how far two sides may differ, and the research says each test needs its own.

Source: APX working target (placeholder); Bishop 2018.

LHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 13; 2026-07-11: 14; 2026-08-08: 15; 2026-09-05: 16; 2026-10-03: 17. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 10; 2026-07-11: 11; 2026-08-08: 12; 2026-09-05: 13; 2026-10-03: 14. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.
Shoulder turn-in strengthL16R16% of body weightleft lower by 2.4%L26% higherfrom 13R25% higherfrom 13L16R16BothAbout the samewithin the 25.6% day-to-day variation (placeholder)

Target: the two sides

Evenunder 5%
In rangeunder 10%
Out of range10 to 15%
Flagged15% and over
This difference2.4%, left lower

These are APX's working thresholds, placeholders re-centred on the gym's own results as they arrive; there is no universal rule for how far two sides may differ, and the research says each test needs its own.

Source: APX working target (placeholder); Bishop 2018.

LHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 13; 2026-07-11: 13; 2026-08-08: 14; 2026-09-05: 15; 2026-10-03: 16. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 13; 2026-07-11: 14; 2026-08-08: 15; 2026-09-05: 16; 2026-10-03: 16. The shaded band is 25.6% either side of the latest value.
Shoulder turn-out compared with turn-inL1.07R0.88left: turn-out more than turn-inright: turn-out less than turn-in———No target
MeasureAttemptsShownHow it was read
Shoulder turn-out strength, left17 / 17 / 1617 % of body weightconsistent
Shoulder turn-out strength, right14 / 14 / 1414 % of body weightconsistent
Shoulder turn-in strength, left15 / 16 / 1516 % of body weightconsistent
Shoulder turn-in strength, right15 / 16 / 1616 % of body weightconsistent
Shoulder turn-out strength, left vs right-16.7 / -16.7 / -11.7-15 %consistent
Shoulder turn-in strength, left vs right1 / 3.3 / 32.4 %consistent

Seated hip rotation

What we tested
Seated, turning each hip in and then out as far as it goes, in front of the camera.
Why
Hip turn lets the body rotate through a throw or swing without forcing the back or the knee.

Result

Outward

L42.5R39.3°

  • Inward

    L46R49.6°

    How far each hip turns in when seated. Nothing stands out, about the same as last time.

All the numbers
MeasureLatestSince the startBestSince last timeStatusHistory
Seated hip rotation, outwardL42.5°R39.3°BothSame as the startL—R—BothAbout the samewithin 8°No targetLHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 42.9; 2026-07-11: 42.1; 2026-08-08: 43.2; 2026-09-05: 42.3; 2026-10-03: 42.5RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 39.7; 2026-07-11: 38.9; 2026-08-08: 39.9; 2026-09-05: 39.1; 2026-10-03: 39.3
Seated hip rotation, inwardL46°R49.6°BothSame as the startL—R—BothAbout the samewithin 8°No targetLHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 46.5; 2026-07-11: 45.5; 2026-08-08: 46.7; 2026-09-05: 45.8; 2026-10-03: 46RHistory across 5 sessions2026-06-13: 50.1; 2026-07-11: 49.1; 2026-08-08: 50.4; 2026-09-05: 49.4; 2026-10-03: 49.6
MeasureShownHow it was read
Seated hip rotation, outward, left42.5°consistent
Seated hip rotation, outward, right39.3°consistent
Seated hip rotation, inward, left46°consistent
Seated hip rotation, inward, right49.6°consistent

Straight-arm shoulder strength

Not run yet: it is added at the next retest.

Next step

Book Mateo's retest for the week of Oct 31. Any day that week works.

Book the retestBook at app.apxathletelab.com/home/book, or text or call (858) 899-0098Text usCall (858) 899-0098

The plan we'd suggest: Speed and Agility. Up to ten athletes, three hour-long classes a week of sprint mechanics, acceleration, agility, jumping and landing, and range of motion, grouped by ability.

The work happens in APX sessions; there is nothing to do at home.

Studies we compare with

The age comparisons on this page come from these published studies.

  1. CDC growth charts (2000)

    Children and teenagers across the United States.

    Kuczmarski RJ et al. 2000 CDC growth charts for the United States. Vital Health Stat 11(246), 2002. Data files cdc.gov/growthcharts/data/zscore/statage.csv and wtage.csv.

    Matches how we test.

  2. Focke 2013

    Children and teenagers from across Germany, 67 boys his age.

    Focke A, Strutzenberger G, Jekauc D, Worth A, Woll A, Schwameder H. Effects of age, sex and activity level on counter-movement jump performance in children and adolescents. Eur J Sport Sci 2013;13(5):518-526. Table II.

    DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2012.756069

    Matches how we test.

    This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

  3. Gabel 2016

    Boys and girls from the general population in Vancouver.

    Gabel 2016. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 16(4):283-295. PMID 27973380 (PMC5259569); no DOI.

    Matches how we test.

  4. Kamada 2026

    Boys in one Japanese professional basketball club's youth academy, 27 boys his age.

    Kamada K, Yamashita D, Nishiumi D, Hirose N. Reliability of isometric mid-thigh pull in youth male basketball players across age categories. J Sports Sci Med 2026;25:556-568. Table 2.

    DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2026.556

    A rough match to how we test. A rough reference: a small group of academy basketball players at one club, pulling on different force plates.

    This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

  5. Leyhr 2018

    Boys in the German national talent programme, 1134 boys his age.

    Leyhr 2018, Table 1. See doi.

    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196324

    A rough match to how we test. A rough reference: the study does not say how far behind the first gate it started.

    This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

  6. Mikulič 2025

    Academy soccer boys in Slovakia, 12 boys his age.

    Mikulič 2025, Tables 1 and 2. See doi.

    DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2025.1630522

    Matches how we test.

    This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

    A small study: treat this as a rough comparison.

  7. Mikulič 2025

    Academy soccer boys in Slovakia, 12 boys his age.

    Mikulič 2025, Table 3. See doi.

    DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2025.1630522

    A rough match to how we test. A rough reference: their sprint started closer to the first gate than ours.

    This range is estimated from the study's average and spread, not counted from its athletes.

    A small study: treat this as a rough comparison.